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Pinyin, short for Hanyu Pinyin, means "phonetic notation" or "phonetic symbols". Pin means "spelling" and Yin means "sound(s)". Pinyin is a system of romanization (phonemic notation and transcription to Roman script) for Standard Mandarin. There are 21 initials/consonants and 35 finals/vowels in Mandarin.

Pronunciation of Mandarin comes with two aspects: syllables and tones. Each can be practised separately, but when it comes to speaking, learners must pronounce words with proper tones. 

A Mandarin syllable consists of three components: an initial, a final and a tone. The initial and final sounds make a total of 56 basic sounds. Combinations of initials and finals, and the special cases result in more than 400 mono-syllabic sounds. By applying the four tones to the sounds, Standard Mandarin makes a total of around 1,600 unique syllables. 

Initials and Finals 
The pronunciation of Chinese Pinyin is generally given in terms of initials and finals, which represent the segmental phonemic portion of the language, rather than letter by letter. Initials are initial consonants, while finals are all possible combinations of semivowels coming before the vowel, the nucleus vowel, and final vowel or consonant. 

A semivowel is a sound that is phonetically similar to a vowel sound but functions as the syllable boundary rather than as the nucleus of a syllable.

Tones
Mandarin Chinese is a tonal language. Each Chinese character/syllable has a tone. The same syllable can have 5 possible ways to pronounce by varying the tone (pitch). There are four main tones and a neutral tone (轻声qīngshēng) in Mandarin. One syllable, pronounced in different tones will usually mean different things. This fact makes the tone training a fundamentally important part of Mandarin learners. So, even if you can pronounce the pinyin of a Chinese character correctly but if you do not master tones, Chinese speakers will not understand you.

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汉语拼音是汉语拼音的缩写，意为“注音符号”或“注音符号”。 Pin表示“拼写”，Yin表示“声音”。拼音是标准普通话的罗马化系统（语音符号和罗马文字转录）。中文普通话有21个声母/辅音和35个声母/韵母。

汉语普通话的发音有两个方面：音节和声调。每种都可以单独练习，但是在说话时，学习者必须以适当的音调发音。

普通话音节由三个部分组成：首字母，结尾和音调。初始声音和最终声音共构成56种基本声音。首字母和结尾的结合以及特殊情况导致产生超过400个单音节的声音。通过将四种音调应用于声音，Standard Mandarin总共制作了大约1600个独特音节。

首字母和决赛
汉语拼音的发音通常以声母和韵母来表示，它们代表语言的分段音位部分，而不是一个字母一个字母。缩写词是初始辅音，而结尾词是在元音，核心元音和最终元音或辅音之前出现的所有半元音组合。

半元音是一种在语音上与元音相似的声音，但它是一个音节边界，而不是一个音节的核心。

音调
普通话是一种声调语言。每个汉字/音节都有一个音调。通过改变音调（音高），同一音节可以有5种可能的发音方式。普通话有四个主要音调和一个中性音调（轻声qīngshēng）。一个以不同音调发音的音节通常意味着不同的意思。这一事实使语气训练成为普通话学习者的根本重要组成部分。因此，即使您可以正确说出汉字的拼音，但又不掌握音调，中文使用者也不会听懂您的声音。

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